Chapter 18 · Moksha Sannyasa Yoga - The Yoga of Liberation through RenunciationKrishna
Verse 14
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 18, श्लोक 14
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम्।
विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम्॥
Transliteration
Adhishthanam tatha karta karanam cha prithag-vidham
Vividhash-cha prithak-cheshta daivam chaiva-atra panchamam
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
अधिष्ठानम्adhishthanamthe body (seat of action)
कर्ताkartathe doer
करणम्karanamthe instruments (senses)
पृथग्विधम्prithag-vidhamof various kinds
विविधाःvividhahvarious
पृथक् चेष्टाःprithak cheshtahseparate efforts
दैवम्daivamdivine providence/fate
पञ्चमम्panchamamthe fifth
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
शरीर (अधिष्ठान), कर्ता, विभिन्न प्रकार के इन्द्रिय-करण, नाना प्रकार की चेष्टाएँ (प्राणवायु), और पाँचवाँ दैव (भाग्य/ईश्वर की प्रेरणा) — ये पाँच कारण हैं।
English Translation
The body (seat of action), the doer, the various instruments, the diverse functions, and the fifth — divine providence — these are the five factors of action.
Commentary (टीका)
Every action requires five elements working together: the physical body, the agent, the senses and organs, the vital energies that drive movement, and the unseen hand of providence. Recognizing that the individual ego is just one of five factors dissolves the illusion of sole doership.