Chapter 1 · Arjuna Vishada Yoga - The Yoga of Arjuna's DespondencyArjuna
Verse 45
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 1, श्लोक 45
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम्।
यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः॥४५॥
Transliteration
Aho Bata Mahat-Papam Kartum Vyavasita Vayam.
Yad-Rajya-Sukha-Lobhena Hantum Svajanam-Udyatah.||45||
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
अहोahoalas
बतbatahow strange
महत्mahatgreat
पापम्papamsin
कर्तुम्kartumto commit
व्यवसिताःvyavasitahresolved
वयम्vayamwe
राज्यसुखलोभेनrajya-sukha-lobhenaby greed for kingdom and pleasure
हन्तुम्hantumto kill
स्वजनम्svajanamown kinsmen
उद्यताःudyatahprepared
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
हाय! कितने खेद की बात है कि हम लोग बड़ा भारी पाप करने को तैयार हो गए हैं — राज्य और सुख के लोभ से अपने स्वजनों को मारने पर उतारू हैं।
English Translation
Alas! How strange it is that we are resolved to commit a great sin, driven by the greed for kingdom and pleasure, prepared to kill our own kinsmen.
Commentary (टीका)
The exclamation 'Aho bata' expresses Arjuna's deep anguish and self-reproach. He now includes himself in the blame — 'we' have resolved to commit sin. This self-awareness, while showing moral sensitivity, has paralyzed him into inaction, which itself becomes a failure of duty.