Chapter 13 · Kshetra Kshetrajna Vibhaga Yoga - The Yoga of the Field and the Knower of the FieldKrishna
Verse 20
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 13, श्लोक 20
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव विद्ध्यनादी उभावपि।
विकारांश्च गुणांश्चैव विद्धि प्रकृतिसम्भवान्॥२०॥
Transliteration
Prakritim Purusham Chaiva Viddhy-Anadi Ubhav-Api.
Vikaraamsh-Cha Gunaamsh-Chaiva Viddhi Prakriti-Sambhavan.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
प्रकृतिम्prakritimnature
पुरुषम्purushamthe conscious being
विद्धिviddhiknow
अनादीanadibeginningless
उभौ अपिubhau apiboth also
विकारान्vikaranmodifications
गुणान्gunanqualities
प्रकृतिसम्भवान्prakriti-sambhavanborn of Prakriti
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
प्रकृति और पुरुष — इन दोनों को अनादि जानो। और विकारों तथा गुणों को प्रकृति से उत्पन्न जानो।
English Translation
Know that both Prakriti (nature) and Purusha (the conscious being) are beginningless. And know that all modifications and qualities are born of Prakriti.
Commentary (टीका)
Both Prakriti (material nature) and Purusha (consciousness) are eternal and beginningless. However, all modifications of form and all three Gunas (Sattva, Rajas, Tamas) arise from Prakriti alone. Purusha, being pure consciousness, is free from all modifications. This Sankhya analysis helps the seeker understand what belongs to nature and what belongs to the Self.