Chapter 13 · Kshetra Kshetrajna Vibhaga Yoga - The Yoga of the Field and the Knower of the FieldKrishna
Verse 21
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 13, श्लोक 21
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते।
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते॥२१॥
Transliteration
Karya-Karana-Kartritve Hetuh Prakritir-Uchyate.
Purushah Sukha-Duhkhanam Bhoktritve Hetur-Uchyate.
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
कार्यkaryaeffect (body)
कारणkaranainstrument (senses)
कर्तृत्वेkartritvein the matter of agency
हेतुःhetuhthe cause
प्रकृतिःprakritihnature
पुरुषःpurushahthe conscious being
सुखदुःखानाम्sukha-duhkhanamof pleasure and pain
भोक्तृत्वेbhoktritvein experience
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
कार्य (शरीर) और करण (इन्द्रिय) की उत्पत्ति में प्रकृति हेतु कही जाती है। सुख-दुःख के भोगने में पुरुष हेतु कहा जाता है।
English Translation
Prakriti is said to be the cause in the production of the body and the senses. The Purusha is said to be the cause in the experience of pleasure and pain.
Commentary (टीका)
Prakriti is responsible for the physical aspects — the body and its sense organs. Purusha, the conscious self, is responsible for the subjective experience of pleasure and pain. Neither Prakriti alone nor Purusha alone can produce experience; it is their conjunction that creates the entire drama of worldly life.