Chapter 18 · Moksha Sannyasa Yoga - The Yoga of Liberation through RenunciationKrishna
Verse 18
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 18, श्लोक 18
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना।
करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसङ्ग्रहः॥
Transliteration
Jnanam jneyam parijnata trividha karma-chodana
Karanam karma karte-ti trividhah karma-sangrahah
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
ज्ञानम्jnanamknowledge
ज्ञेयम्jneyamthe object of knowledge
परिज्ञाताparijnatathe knower
त्रिविधाtrividhathreefold
कर्मचोदनाkarma-chodanamotivation for action
करणम्karanamthe instrument
कर्मkarmathe action
कर्ताkartathe doer
कर्मसङ्ग्रहःkarma-sangrahahthe constituents of action
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
ज्ञान, ज्ञेय (जानने योग्य) और परिज्ञाता (जानने वाला) — ये तीन कर्म की प्रेरणा हैं। करण (इन्द्रिय), कर्म और कर्ता — ये तीन कर्म के संग्रह (अंग) हैं।
English Translation
Knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the knower — these three constitute the motivation for action. The instrument, the action, and the doer — these three are the constituents of action.
Commentary (टीका)
Krishna presents two complementary triads that encompass the full mechanics of action. The cognitive triad (knowledge, known, knower) motivates action, while the operative triad (instrument, action, doer) executes it. Understanding these impersonal factors further dissolves the ego's claim to sole doership.