Chapter 2 · Sankhya Yoga - The Yoga of KnowledgeKrishna
Verse 16
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता अध्याय 2, श्लोक 16
Sanskrit Shloka (श्लोक)
नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः।
उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः॥१६॥
Transliteration
Na-Asato Vidyate Bhavo Na-Abhavo Vidyate Satah.
Ubhayor-Api Drishto'ntas-Tv-Anayos-Tattva-Darshibhih.||16||
Word-by-Word Meaning (अन्वय)
नnanot
असतःasatahof the unreal
विद्यतेvidyateexists
भावःbhavahexistence
नnanot
अभावःabhavahnon-existence
सतःsatahof the real
उभयोःubhayohof both
दृष्टःdrishtahseen/realized
अन्तःantahthe conclusion
तत्त्वदर्शिभिःtattva-darshibhihby the seers of truth
Hindi Translation (हिन्दी अर्थ)
असत् (अनित्य) वस्तु का अस्तित्व नहीं है और सत् (नित्य) का अभाव नहीं होता। इन दोनों का यह तत्त्व तत्त्वदर्शी ज्ञानियों द्वारा देखा गया है।
English Translation
The unreal has no existence and the real never ceases to exist. The conclusion about both has been realized by the seers of truth.
Commentary (टीका)
This verse encapsulates the entire Vedantic philosophy. 'Sat' (the real, i.e., Atman/Brahman) is eternally existent and can never be destroyed. 'Asat' (the unreal, i.e., the body and material world) has no ultimate reality. This discriminative wisdom (viveka) between the real and unreal is the foundation of all spiritual knowledge.